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Showing posts from August, 2022

Researchers are unveiling the mystery of the time arrow.

Time is an interesting thing. It's the thing that dominates our life. When we want to describe time, we can see describe it as the thing that is between two points, that are in two different moments. Time can also describe as that thing that started in the Big Bang.  Time is the change of the universe. And when the universe reaches stable form, time ends. So time is the change in atoms and subatomic particles. It started during the Big Bang, And the cooling universe is one of the things, that we can use as a description of time. When all energy is gone time ends.  Cosmic inflation is the thing that causes the particles of material are turning to wave motion. And when the last electron and quark are turned to wave motion, the universe reaches its stable form, and that is the end of time. That requires that the universe is open and dark energy pushes it larger and larger. And in the open universe, the expansion continues forever.  We know that the energy level of the partic...

Do we have enough mass for a multiverse?

The fact is we don't have an answer for that. The multiverse theory is hard to prove right or wrong simply because those other universes are outside our Universe. So we cannot prove their existence by calculating the mass that exists in the Universe where we live.  There is also the possibility that those other universes are invisible to us. So we might just guess about the existence of the universes outside our Universe.  There is a couple of versions of the multiverse theories. The first one is the original multiverse theory where other universes are outside the Universe as we know it.  But another more exotic version is the matryoshka universe theory. In that theory, the black holes are involving another universe. The idea is that the information cannot vanish. The black hole doesn't destroy information.  Black holes store information. And that information that is stored in black holes can take the form of the Universe.  There is the possibility that there ar...

Does time exist?

In some models, time is like some kind of wave motion. Everything that we see happened in the past. So if time is wave motion or some kind of river. That explains why we can see only the past. If we think that the energy level in the past is higher than future. We have a hard-to-send wave motion against that flow.  If we are raising our energy levels we will make the difference in those two energy levels smaller. And that makes the river of time move slower. So if we want to see to future we must make energy level of some point in future higher than the point where we are.  The reason, why we see things that happened in the past is that the energy level in the past was higher than it's now and future. Even a microsecond and shorter time units are time. So what would we need to do that we could see to the future? The answer is that we must send wave motion against the flow of that river.  And that means we must make two points at two different times. And then we must make ...

After 45 years, the 5 billion years legacy of Voyager probes just began.

The most successful space mission in history, Voyager left our solar system. Those two probes are outside heliopause. The most out position of our solar system. Heliopause means the point where ions flow from the Sun mixes with ions that are coming from other stars. That spacecraft gave multiple wonderful images to the researcher. It found many strange things. And the last thing that this spacecraft found was the cosmic hum. NASA plans to keep in contact or analyze the data that those probes sent for as long as possible.  The lifespan of those probes will extend by shutting down the systems. And somewhere in the 2030s, all systems of those probes end their operations. But long before that the helium storage of the gas rockets ends and two-way communication between probes and Earth turns impossible or meaningless. The information sent from Earth includes orders to change the posture of the probe.  And another thing is how to use the instruments. So when Voyager probes left from...

A massive impact crater tells that asteroid that killed dinosaurs was not alone.

"Discovery of a large impact crater beneath the North Atlantic Ocean reveals that more than one asteroid could have spelled doom for the dinosaurs". (ScitechDaily.com/ Massive Impact Crater Beneath the North Atlantic Reveals Dinosaur-Killing Asteroid Wasn’t Alone) There is the possibility that the asteroid which killed dinosaurs was not alone. Or maybe that astroid crushed in pieces before it impacted on the ground. There is the possibility that only some part of that asteroid hit to Yucatan peninsula.  But it's possible that the Gulf of Mexico and Hudson's bay, along with Azov's sea form in the impact of large-size meteorites. The form of those bays tells that they could be the remnants of meteorite craters.  The fact is that the asteroid that killed dinosaurs was not the first or the last object that impacted Earth. Things like ice ages are also sometimes suspected to be the result of a meteor impact.  When somebody says that volcanic eruptions killed dinosaurs ...

The shape of the fusion reactor meant something.

Image 1) When we are thinking about ion fusion, where ions with plus and minus polarities are impacting together, we must realize that there is one problem. If all ions have the same polarity. They are repelling each other. So the magnetic field must push those ions together. And then an ignition laser will pull those ions together. If we will inject the different polar ions into the Tokamak reactor that magnetic field will pull another ion cloud to the walls of the accelerators.  The system can use a similar structure to NIF (National Ignition Facility). In the middle of the ball, the system sprays a cloud of positive ions. Then magnets start to press that positive ion cloud. And after that, the negative ions will shoot to that chamber by using a particle accelerator. The beam of negative ions will impact that glimpse of positive ions. And the laser rays will increase the energy of that system until fusion starts.  The Images in the diagram above are 1) Traditional Tokamak 2)...

There is no death in the quantum world.

There is a standard model of confirmed elementary particles above this text. There are two types of particle groups, fermions, and bosons.  Fermions, like quarks, and electrons form material, like protons, and neutrons.   And bosons are force carriers. Every boson carries one of four fundamental forces. Or their counter force.  W and Z bosons carry weak nuclear force for example. The thing that makes Higgs boson interesting is that it should be a force carrier. But there is no force that the Higgs boson carries. And that's why it's put under the highlight "Scalar bosons". So Higgs boson scales other forces... But that will be another story.  Information never vanishes. This is the reason why quantum eraser is impossible. A Quantum eraser erases information, but that thing is impossible. The quantum cutter is the system that cuts information into pieces. But a quantum cutter or quantum clipper can just transform the information into smaller parts. The idea is sim...